文 | 季益广Brainstorm（头脑风暴）头脑风暴法(Brain storming)，是指由美国BBDO广告公司的奥斯本首创，该方法主要由价值工程事情小组人员在正常融洽和不受任何限制的气氛中以集会形式举行讨论、座谈，打破通例，努力思考，各抒己见，充实揭晓看法。头脑风暴法出自"头脑风暴"一词。所谓头脑风暴(Brain-storming) 最早是神经病理学上的用语，指神经病患者的精神庞杂状态而言的，如今转而为无限制的自由遐想和讨论，其目的在于发生新看法或引发创新设想。

在写作训练中，作者努力让自己处于一个放松和自由的状态，让自己的思维和遐想只管脱离外界或其他社会成员的滋扰和影响。依靠自身的独立思考和思维散发，让自己的思想和意识与作文的主题和意向迸发出批判精神和缔造力的火花。选择一些关键词作为头脑风暴的导引和遐想：the disease the participants the measures the evaluative language the technology Logical Thinking逻辑思维（logical thinking）是对思维内容举行抽象和推演的思维运动。

客观工具总是详细的，经由思维处置惩罚而变得抽象，这是思维掌握工具的一个基本方式。把思维内容予以抽象是一切逻辑推演的前提。抽象的基本特点是1）工具纯粹化；2）映像清晰化； 3）寄义一般化。逻辑思维纪律就是工具在思维中抽象化的纪律，是举行逻辑推演的纪律。

逻辑思维形式如观点、判断、推理是工具的抽象映像和推演形式。逻辑思维方法如界说、划分、归纳综合、限定、归纳、演绎等等是工具在思维中抽象化的方法，也是思维中的抽象化工具运行、推演、变换的方法。抽象思维能够掌握详细工具，但不是对详细工具的直接描绘，而是通过逻辑推演等思维运动，把工具的思维抽象物整合成为反映客体本质的详细。

在中国抗疫历程中，我们可以把惊心动魄的抗疫斗争，党和国家的英明决议，众志成城的全民发动，白衣天使的英雄事迹，人民军队的奋掉臂身，这些详细的工具浓缩整合为以下一些反映客体本质事件：lockdown quick identification and detection time management health databank mobilization of resources public participation effective implementation the technology1. the disease2. the participants3. the measures4. evaluative language5. the technologyOutlineBackground introductionLockdownQuick identification and detectionTime managementHealth databankMobilization of resources Public participation Effective implementationThe technology凭据以上分析和展示，我们就可以完成这篇作文了： How China won the battle against COVID-19? In late December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases caused by an unknown pathogen was reported in Wuhan, a city of 11 million residents. A novel coronavirus was identified as the etiological agent and human-to-human transmission of the virus has been since confirmed. Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is now a global crisis. Everybody in the world is worried and scared about it. As there is neither a vaccine nor a specific drug treatment for COVID-19, and a lot of the relevant information about the virus is still unknown, a range of public health (non-pharmaceutical) interventions has been used to control the epidemic. The city of Wuhan was locked down from Jan 23, 2020. Immediately, Chinese government has taken a number of effective measures to combat COVID-19:LockdownPrevention is better than cure. China took the appropriate approach to the virus. As there is no vaccine or medicine, the best idea is to isolate all confirmed cases and put all suspected cases under quarantine. Since people can spread the virus before they know they are sick, Wuhan was totally isolated from rest of the country through a lockdown. Daily and emergency essentials such as food and supplies flowed through organized and government-controlled arrangements. Infectious disease care and management facilities were introduced to isolate, monitor and treat positive cases. The wearing of masks in public was encouraged, which played an effective role in preventing the virus. Later, similar measures were also taken in other parts of China, which successfully reduced the spread of the virus.Quick identification and detectionWithin a week of the emergence of this new unknown virus, China reported its genetic information to the World Health Organization (WHO). In order to control a major epidemic, it is important to have reliable, specific, accurate and fast detection methods to screen infected and non-infected people. There were no test kits available to identify the infected in the early days of the outbreak apart from screening that depended on laboratory nucleic acid sequencing analysis, which is a labor-intensive and costly method. The immediate action taken by Chinese biotech companies in developing detection kits resulted in the first kit being introduced on Jan 13.Time managementChina took the necessary decisions at the right time for the right people. China’s unprecedented systematic and proactive risk management, based on collaboration between government officials and health experts, has proven to be effective in controlling COVID-19. The risk management response was raised to the highest level in the early days of the outbreak.Health databankA health databank was found to be very effective in controlling the spread of the virus. Each individual was asked to inform their respective authorities of their details including location, body temperature, symptoms, and so on to in order to maintain their health status level on a daily basis, and immediate actions were taken if anyone was found to have clinical symptoms or risk of contracting COVID-19. Electronic recording and tracking systems were established and local response teams were ready 24/7 to handle the identified cases. Moreover, QR codes were introduced for everyone entering or leaving their locality. The green code allows one to move freely. The yellow code requires a seven-day self-quarantine, while the red code requires a 14-day self-quarantine.Mobilization of resourcesThe government immediately mobilized and allocated resources to manage and monitor the evolving epidemic in a proactive fashion, achieving impressive results. The shortage of protective medical supplies and lack of knowledge about COVID-19 were the main factors causing the large number of healthcare workers to contract the virus in the early weeks of the outbreak in Wuhan. Some 42,000 doctors and nurses were sent to the city to combat the outbreak. Educational and medical institutions and PLA sent medical teams to Wuhan. Two new hospitals with over 1,000 beds each were built in less than 10 days in Wuhan.Public participationChina continuously provided factual and scientific information to people and led the way in fighting the disease. Clear guidance about the degree and scope of lockdowns was given. Centralized reporting and communication channels were established to keep people informed. Major news outlets provided daily updates on the number of COVID-19 cases. Clinical treatment outcomes, plans to be implemented and guidelines on which procedures to follow were disseminated to the people. Educational institutions have been fully engaged since the beginning of the outbreak. They developed easy-to-understand educational materials for students and the public with information about COVID-19 and how to prevent the disease.Effective implementationCareful planning and clear guidance are very important. All government orders, decisions and guidelines were successfully executed. A tracking system was implemented covering individuals, apartments, houses, communities, organizations, public facilities and city management. In fighting COVID-19, everyone has the same responsibility. The key to success is making everyone responsible, getting every unit involved and holding officials accountable. People also changed their lifestyles in response to the new challenges. Many businesses, organizations, schools and universities successfully implemented computer-based online learning using technology, which can serve as models for future development.The technologyChina successfully utilized robotics and many advanced technologies such as 5G to play a vital role in this war. After months of combating the virus, China is restarting its economy, reopening schools and returning to normalcy. China may have lost billions of dollars in revenue, but in the end, this was a wise decision and the correct action to take. The Wuhan lockdown ended and communications were established again. In short, COVID-19 teaches us the importance of preparedness to prevent and control an infectious disease outbreak as well as to modernize disease control and prevention around the world. 参考文献http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/readers。

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